The smear or Pap test is used as a routine test to detect early cell changes (CIN) in the cervix and can be used to help diagnose cancer.

Colposcopy

In a colposcopy test, the doctor will use a speculum to hold the vaginal walls open while a small sample of surface cells (biopsy) is taken from the cervix for examination under a microscope.

Cervical biopsy

If a tumour is found during the examination, a sample of the tissue can be taken and sent for pathology testing.

Blood tests, x-ray and other scans

These tests help to determine the area affected by cancer and provide information for treatment strategy.